Google is a multinational technology company focusing on search engine technology, online advertising, cloud computing, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, artificial intelligence, and consumer electronics. Their products address a wide range of use cases, including email, navigation, cloud computing, web browsing, video sharing, productivity, operating systems, cloud storage, language translation, photo storage, video calling, smart home, smartphones, wearable technology, music streaming, and more.

Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. engages in providing technology infrastructure and marketing reach. It operates through the following business segments: China Commerce, International Commerce, Local Consumer Services, Cainiao, Cloud, Digital Media and Entertainment, and Innovation Initiatives and Others segments. The Core Commerce segment consists of platforms operating in retail and wholesale. The China Commerce segment includes China commerce retail and wholesale businesses. The International Commerce segment focuses on international commerce retail and wholesale businesses. The Local Consumer Services segment is involved in \"To-Home\" businesses, which include Ele.me, local services and delivery platform, and Taoxianda, and \"To-Destination\" segment businesses which include Amap, the provider of mobile digital map, navigation and real-time traffic information, and restaurant and local services guide platform. The Cainiao segment has Cainiao Network and offers domestic and international one-stop-shop logistics services and supply chain management solution. The Cloud segment includes Alibaba Cloud and DingTalk. The company was founded by Chung Tsai and Yun Ma on June 28, 1999 and is headquartered in Hangzhou, China.

Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. designs and develops computer software and provides Internet information services in China. It offers instant messaging services; QQ, an Internet-based instant messaging tool to support online message communications and instant voice, video, and file transmission; TM, an instant messaging communication software application; Real Time eXchange, an instant messaging platform launched for enterprises; Traveler, a multi-page web page browser; QQDoctor, an anti-virus tool developed to address the problem of Trojan viruses that steal QQ passwords; QQMailbox, provides e-mail services to users; and QQDownload, software that simultaneously supports various download tasks. The company was founded in 2000 and is located in Shenzhen, China.

Amazon Technologies, Inc., a subsidiary of Amazon.com, Inc., is an American company located in Reno, NV, that provides investment services.

Meta is a social technology company that enables people to connect, find communities, and grow businesses. Previously known as Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg announced the company's rebrand to Meta on October 28, 2021, at the company's annual Connect Conference. Facebook was founded by Mark Zuckerberg in Menlo Park, California in 2004. With millions of more users, [Friendster] attempted to acquire the company for $10 million in mid-2004. Facebook turned down the offer and subsequently received $12.7 million in funding from [Accel Partners] at a valuation of around $100 million. Facebook continued to grow opening up to high school students in September 2005 and adding a photo-sharing feature the next month. The next spring, Facebook received $25 million in funding from [Greylock Partners] and [Meritech Capital] as well as previous investors [Accel Partners] and [Peter Thiel]. The pre-money valuation for this deal was about $525 million. Facebook subsequently opened up to work networks eventually amassing over 20,000 work networks. Finally, in September 2006, Facebook was opened to anyone with an email address. Facebook continued to receive funding most notably in January 2011 receiving $1.5 billion and valuing the company at $50 billion. A year later in February 2012, Facebook announced that it was filing for its long-anticipated initial public offering. The company went public on May 18, 2012 opening in [NASDAQ] with shares trading at $42.05. Facebook announced positive numbers in February 2012 upon filing for its IPO. As of July 2013, over 1.15 billion users have logged into Facebook every month and 669 million users daily. Mobile users now make up half of Facebook’s user base with 819 million monthly active. Facebook is one of the most trafficked sites in the United States. Additionally, Facebook is the top photo-sharing site with 250 million photos uploaded per day. The company has a strategic partnership with AXA Group to develop marketing and commercial collaboration in the digital, social, and mobile sphere. Meta is currently the owner of many applications and services such as Facebook App, Instagram, Whatsapp, Oculus VR, Pagemodo Pagebuilder, [RSS Graffiti], Huddle, and more. Facebook is the world’s largest social network with over 2.9 billion monthly active users.

F2ware, Inc. provides secure software solutions. It provides secure authentication and data integrity systems for online security B2B and B2C applications. The company is headquartered Mountain View, CA.

Capital One Services LLC provides credit card services. It offers home loans, equity, commercial banking and wealth management services. The company is headquartered in McLean, VA.

INHA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND BUSINESS FOUNDATION provides practical help for improving the technology of an industrial field.

Viaccess-Orca has leveraged its expertise in content security and dealing with premium content to create an Online Video Platform (OVP) for any operators wishing to distribute high quality 360-degree live or on-demand content to multiple devices. Perfectly designed for VR streaming and VR distribution, it includes a multi-device, 360-degree secure player, multi-device apps (supporting both flat devices & HMDs) and a sophisticated content management & monetization platform.

Juniper Networks designs develop and sell products and services, which together provide its customers with network infrastructure. Its aim is to create innovative products and solutions that meet the growing demands of the connected world. The company has 9,000 employees in 70 countries and nearly 5 billion U.S. dollars in revenue. Its customers include the top 100 global service providers and 30,000 enterprises, including the Global Fortune 100 as well as hundreds of federal, state, and local government agencies and higher educational organizations.

Capy is a startup company with an explicit goal to provide “Easy & Secure” security solutions. Currently, website visitors all over the world are struggling with present day security solutions which are either “secure & difficult to utilize” or “easy but slack.” Capy has developed an intuitive and simple CAPTCHA solution that solves the above quandary. It doesn’t require any special skills, knowledge or tools to deliver the goods. Furthermore, Capy is all about continually pushing forward by way of developing and working with new technologies to ensure that “Easy & Secure” becomes the new standard measure in online security.

Kyndryl is an IT transformation services company. They offer network services, business resilience, and hybrid cloud solutions. Their services include applications, core enterprise and zcloud, the digital workplace, security and resiliency, cloud, data, and AI, network, and edge. They committed to the health and continuous improvement of the vital systems at the heart of the digital economy.

Tata Consultancy Services Limited is an IT services, business solutions and outsourcing organization that delivers real results to global businesses, ensuring a level of certainty no other firm can match. TCS offers a consulting-led, integrated portfolio of IT and IT-enabled services – comprising Application Development & Maintenance, Business Intelligence, Enterprise Solutions, Assurance Services, Engineering & Industrial Services, Infrastructure Services, Consulting, Asset Leveraged Solutions and Business Process Services – delivered through its unique Global Network Delivery Model™ (GNDM), recognized as the benchmark of excellence in software development. The company has domain expertise in a broad set of industries, comprising Banking & Financial Services, Insurance, Telecom, Manufacturing, Retail & Distribution, High Tech, Life Sciences, Healthcare, Transportation, Energy & Utilities, Media & Entertainment and others. Geographically, TCS operates in all five continents, with North America and Europe constituting the largest markets for our services. We derive over a fifth of our revenues from emerging markets such as India, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Middle-East & Africa.

PayPal, Inc. provides online payment services. It facilitates people to send money through PayPal account balances, bank accounts, PayPal Credit and credit cards. The company?s digital wallet assists to perform online transactions, in store and mobile devices. It?s a global payments platform, which offer withdraws funds and hold balances in their PayPal accounts in multiple currencies. The company was founded by Luke Nosek, Ken Howery, Yu Pan, Peter Andreas Thiel, Max R. Levchin and Elon Reeve Musk in December 1998 and is headquartered in San Jose, CA.

nCipher Corporation Ltd., through its subsidiaries, provides encryption and key management solutions to public and private enterprises and institutions worldwide. It engages in the development and resale of Internet security products, services, and technologies. The company offers solutions in the fields of identity management, data protection, enterprise key management, and cryptographic hardware. It also engages in the sale and distribution of computer peripherals and software; and sale and integration of user management and provisioning solutions giving large organizations the ability to control user access to networks, applications, and data. nCipher Corporation Ltd. enables businesses to identify who can access data, to protect data in transit and at rest, and to comply with privacy-driven regulations. It serves banks, pharmaceutical, energy, aerospace, and defense companies. The company has operations in Americas, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and the Asia-Pacific Rim. The company was formerly known as NCIPHER LIMITED and changed its name to nCipher Corporation Ltd. in February, 1997. The company was founded in 1996 and is headquartered in Cambridge, United Kingdom. It has additional offices in Stoneham, Massachusetts; Milpitas, California; Hamburg, Germany; and Tokyo, Japan. As of October 13, 2008, nCipher Corporation Ltd. operates as a subsidiary of Thales Holdings UK Plc.

AOL Lifestream is a web-based application that enables users to keep track of all their comments on social networking sites. AOL users can publish their statuses, reply to comments on networking sites from their Lifestream tab, and more. It was founded in 1985 and headquartered in New York, United States

Oracle America, Inc. provides network computing infrastructure solutions. The company was founded in 1982 and is headquartered in Redwood City, CA.